Published and Unpublished Studies on Cranio-Electrical Stimulation (CES)

1. Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation as a Treatment for Anxiety in Chemically Dependent Persons, Richard Schmitt, PhD, Thomas Capo, BS, Elvin Boyd, MD, Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, Vol. 10, No. 2, 158-160, 1986.
2. Cranial Electrical Stimulation - CES Reduces Anxiety and Depression, Focus on Alcohol and Drug Issues, Vol. 6, No.1, 1983.
3. Low Intensity Transcranial Electrostimulation Improves Human Learning of a Psychomotor Task, Richard E. Madden, Ph.D., M.S.W.; & Daniel L. Kirsch, Ph.D., American Journal of Electromedicine, 1987.
4. The Use of Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation in Post-Traumatic Amnesia: A Report of Two Cases, Allen Childs, M.D., M. Lynn Crismon, Pharm.D., Brain Injury, Vol. 2, No. 3, 243-247, 1988.
5. Confirming Evidence of an Effective Treatment for Brain Dysfunction in Alcoholic Patients, Ray B. Smith, Ph.D., M.P.A, Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease, Vol. 170, No. 5, 275-277, 1982.
6. Depression: A Diagnostic, Neurochemical Profile & Therapy with Cranial Electrical Stimulation (CES), C. Norman Shealy, Roger Cady, Robert Wilkie, Richard Cox, Saul Liss, William Clossen, The Journal of Neurological & Orthopaedic Medicine & Surgery, Vo. 10, No. 4, 319-321, 1989.
7. Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation Treatment of Cognitive Brain Dysfunction in Chemical Dependence, Richard Schmitt, Ph.D., Thomas Capo, Hal Frazier, M.D., Darrell Boren, J Clin Psychiatry, Vol 45: 60-63, 1984.
8. New Treatments Offer Hope for Agitated Brain Syndrome, Allen Childs, M.D., The Psychiatric Times, Medicine & Behavior, September 1988.
9. Electrosleep in the Management of Alcoholism, Ray B. Smith, Lois O'Neill, Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 10, No. 6, 675-679, 1975.
10. Effects of Transcerebral Electrotherapy (Electrosleep) on State Anxiety According to Suggestibility Levels, Joseph J. Ryan, Gary T. Souheaver, Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 11, No. 2, 233-237, 1976.
11. Electrosleep (Electrical Transcranial Stimulation) in the Treatment of Anxiety, Depression and Sleep Disturbance in Chronic Alcoholics, Richard E. McKenzie, Raymond M. Costello, J. Altered States of Consciousness, Vol. 2 (2), 185-195, 1975-76.
12. Changes in Urinary Free Catecholamines and 17-Ketosteroids with Cerebral Electrotherapy (Electrosleep), David F. Briones, M.D., Saul H. Rosenthal, M.D., University of Texas Medical School at San Antonia, Texas, 57-58, 1973.
13. Intracerebral Current Levels in Man During Electrosleep Therapy, A. M. Dymond, R. W. Coger, E.A. Serafetinides, Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 10, No. 1, 101-104, 1975.
14. Treatment of Methadone Withdrawal with Cerebral Electrotherapy (Electrosleep), Evaristo Gomez, Adib R. Mikhail, Brit J. Psychiat., Vol. 134, 111-113, 1978.
15. Electrosleep, A Preliminary Communication, Saul H. Rosenthal, M.D., Norman L. Wulfsohn, M.D., The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, Vol. 151, No. 2, 146-151, 1970.
16. Electrosleep: Personal Subjective Experiences, Saul H. Rosenthal, Lynn F. Calvert, Biological Psychiatry, Vol. 4, No. 2, 187-190, 1972.
17. The Effects of Cerebral Electrotherapy on Short-Term Memory Impairment in Alcoholic Patients, Ray B. Smith, Eleanor Day, The International Journal of the Addictions, Vol 12 (4). 575-582, 1977.
18. The Effects of Electrosleep on Insomnia Revisited, Rosalind Dymond Cartwright, Ph.D., Marc F. Weiss, The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, Vol. 161, No. 2, 134-137, 1975.
19. The Treatment of Insomnia Through the Use of Electrosleep: An EEG Study, Marc F. Weiss, The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, Vol. 157, No. 2, 108-120, 1973.
20. Studies of Electrosleep with Active and Simulated Treatment, Saul H. Rosenthal, M.D., Norman L. Wulfsohn, M.D., Current Therapeutic Research, Vol. 12, No. 3, 126-130, 1970.